Algebraic graph theory

Algebraic graph theory studies graphs using algebra and, less commonly, algebra using graph theory. Major subtopics include graph homomorphisms and automorphisms, spectral graph theory, and polynomial graph invariants.

General references on algebraic graph theory are:

Morphisms of graphs

For the believing structuralist, graphs should be studied through their morphisms, which are graph homomorphisms.

  • Hahn & Tardif, 1997: Graph homomorphisms: structure and symmetry (doi, pdf)
    • Hahn & MacGillivray, 2002, manuscript: Graph homomorphisms: Computational aspects and infinite graphs
  • Godsil & Royle, 2001: Algebraic graph theory, Ch. 6: Homomorphisms (doi)
  • Hell & Nesetril, 2004: Graphs and homomorphisms (doi)

The automorphism group of a graph captures its symmetry, or lack thereof.

  • Biggs, 1993: Algebraic graph theory, 2nd ed., Part 3: Symmetry and regularity
  • Godsil & Royle, 2001: Algebraic graph theory, Ch. 2: Groups (doi)

Ronnie Brown, following his former student John Shrimpton, describes an automorphism graph, whose vertices make up the automorphism group.

  • Shrimpton, 1991: Some groups related to the symmetry of a directed graph (doi)
  • Brown, 1994: Higher order symmetry of graphs (online , pdf)
  • Brown et al, 2008: Graphs of morphisms of graphs (online , pdf)

Spectral graph theory

Standard references on spectral graph theory are:

  • Cvetković, Doob, Sachs, 1980: Spectra of graphs
  • Cvetković, Rowlinson, Simić, 1997: Eigenspaces of graphs
  • Chung, 1997: Spectral graph theory (doi, online )

More recent books include:

  • Biyikoğu, Leydold, Stadler, 2007: Laplacian eigenvectors of graphs: Perron-Frobenius and Faber-Krahn type theorems (doi)
    • Focus on Laplacian eigenvectors, not eigenvalues
  • Brouwer & Haemers, 2011: Spectra of graphs (doi)
  • Grigor’yan, 2018: Introduction to analysis on graphs (doi)
    • Also lecture notes for course “Analysis and geometry on graphs” (1 ,2 ,3 )

Algebraic topology of graphs

See also page on topological graph theory.

  • Sunada, 2013: Topological crystallography: With a view towards discrete geometric analysis (doi)
    • Sunada, 2012: Lecture on topological crystallography (doi)
  • Baez, 2016: Topological crystals (arxiv, nCat Cafe 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 )